Dairyland Laboratories announces that it has purchased the feed laboratory from Waypoint Analytical in Leola, PA. Waypoint will continue to provide other services at the Leola, PA location.
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Dairyland Laboratories announces that it has purchased feed and forage testing services from DHIA Laboratories in Sauk Centre, MN. DHIA Laboratories will continue to provide milk and testing independe...
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Dairyland Laboratories Inc. is excited to announce our new collaboration with Northwest Labs, LLC, to provide feed and forage testing services from Northwest Lab’s Jerome, Idaho location. Northwest La...
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Fumonisin is a Fusarium-produced mycotoxin
Corn
Fusarium verticillioides (F. moniliforme), and Fusarium proliferatum
Period of drought during the growing season followed by cool and moist conditions during pollination and kernel formation.
Interpretation Guidelines | Level |
---|---|
Detection Limit | 0.1 ppm |
Concern Level (TRDM)* | 1 ppm |
Potentially Harmful Level** TRDM (Cattle) | 6.7 - 11.1 ppm |
Potentially Harmful Level** TRDM (Swine) | 11.1 ppm |
Potentially Harmful Level** TRDM (Equine)** | 1 ppm |
*Level indicating possible favorable conditions for mycotoxins and probable need for further testing of all feeds or the TMR. Pending further tests, negative samples should be considered at concern levels in the presence of moderate symptoms and at harmful levels with marked symptoms. Limit amounts fed if moderate performance effects are present. Discontinue use at least temporarily if pronounced performance effects or acute clinical symptoms are present. Closely observe animals and continue checking for other possible causes.
**Mycotoxins at these levels indicate probable involvement in performance effects or acute clinical symptoms. Discontinue feeding at least temporarily in the presence of either type of symptoms. Observe animals closely in the absence of symptoms and do further testing of all feeds or the TMR.
TRDM = total ration dry matter
Class of Animals | Corn and Corn By-Products | Total Ration |
---|---|---|
Equids and rabbits | 5 ppm | 1 ppm |
Swine and catfish | 20 ppm | 10 ppm |
Breeding ruminants, breeding poultry and breeding mink* | 30 ppm | 15 ppm |
Ruminants ≥ 3 months old being raised for slaughter, mink being raised for pelt production | 60 ppm | 30 ppm |
Poultry being raised for slaughter | 100 ppm | 50 ppm |
All other species or classes of livestock and pet animals | 10 ppm | 5 ppm |
*Includes lactating dairy cattle and hens laying eggs for human consumption
Sources
Adams, Richard S., Kenneth B. Kephart, Virginia A. Ishler, Lawrence J. Hutchinson, and Gregory W. Roth. “Mold and Mycotoxin Problems in Livestock Feeding.” Dairy Cattle Nutrition (Penn State Extension). Penn State Extension, n.d. Web. 17 Sep. 2013.
Carlson, M.P., and S.M. Ensley. Understanding Fungal (Mold) Toxins (Mycotoxins). University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. June 2003. articles.extension.org. Web. 3 Feb. 2016
Coulombe, R.A., Jr. 1993. Symposium: Biological Action of Mycotoxins. Journal of Dairy Science. 76:880-891.
Diaz, D.E., W.M. Hagler, and L.W. Whitlow. “Mycotoxins in Feeds.” Feedstuffs. 15 Sep. 2010.
Gallo, A., G. Giubuerti, J.C. Frisvad, T. Bertuzzi, and K.F. Nielsen. Review on Mycotoxin Issues in Ruminants: Occurrence in Forages, Effects of Mycotoxin Ingestion on Health Status and Animal Performance and Practical Strategies to Counteract Their Negative Effects. Toxins 2015, 7, 3057-3111.
Whitlow, L.W., M.B. Genter, W.M. Hagler, Jr., J.A. Hansen, F.T. Jones, B.A. Mowrey, and M.H. Poore. (1994, 2007) Understanding and Coping with Effects of Mycotoxins in Livestock Feed and Forage. North Carolina State Cooperative Extension Service. Dec. 1994.
Yiannikouris, A., and Jean-Pierre Jouany. 2002. Mycotoxins in feeds and their fate in animals: a review. INRA, EDP Sciences. Anim. Res. 51 (2002) 81-99.